Trump courts Asim Munir as Pakistan Army chief’s political challenges mount at home

Earlier this month, it was revealed that Pakistan’s Army Chief Asim Munir will be visiting the United States once again. Munir will be attending a farewell event for US Central Command chief General Michael Kurilla in Tampa, Florida. But what garnered attention was the fact that this would be Munir’s second visit to the US in just two months, following the four-day military clash between India and Pakistan.

During a last visit, the world saw a rare instance of Trump sitting with the Army chief of a country in the Oval Office, treating him like a head of state. The rise of the newly appointed Pakistani Field Marshal in the span of a few years has many people comparing him to the country’s erstwhile dictatorial Army chiefs, General Zia Ul Haq, Ayub Khan and Pervez Musharraf, all of whom eventually toppled the then-governments and took the reins of Pakistan.

Amid all the speculations, America is treating Munir as what some call a “de facto” leader of Pakistan. However, the Pakistani general is facing his share of challenges within the country, some of which are as follows.

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Political leaders are getting sidelined

The speculations started to become rife soon after Munir received promotion in May to the ceremonial rank of Field Marshal — a distinction rarely granted in Pakistan. It is pertinent to note that there is only one other individual in Pakistani history who has previously held the title, General Ayub Khan.

Khan eventually seized the government and became the President of Pakistan following a brutal 1958 coup. Hence, when Munir was appointed to the post, questions began to arise whether the country’s President Asif Ali Zardari's seat is at risk.

However, multiple Pakistani high-ranking officials have already dismissed the idea. While speaking to The Economist, ISPR Director General Lt Gen Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry called the claims “completely baseless”, saying, “Talks about Field Marshal Asim Munir becoming the president of Pakistan are completely baseless.”

Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi echoed the sentiment, labelling the rumour mill as a “malicious campaign.” “President Zardari enjoys a strong and respectful relationship with the leadership of the armed forces”, and stated that “Munir’s sole focus is Pakistan’s strength and stability, and nothing else," he said.

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Meanwhile, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif also addressed the reports, saying, “Field Marshal Asim Munir has never expressed any desire to become the president, nor is there any such plan in the offing.” However, Sharif himself is not able to enjoy the same stature in the United States and China that Munir has received.

Hence, Munir’s rise to prominence is bound to increase animosities between the Pakistani leadership and the country’s army. And if history is a witness, the cracks between the two never end well in Pakistan.

The Imran Khan question

On August 5, thousands of supporters of Pakistan’s former Prime Minister Imran Khan rallied across the country to demand his release on the second anniversary of his imprisonment. The jail sentencing of the supremo of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf has been garnering international attention for a while.

In the February 8 elections last year, Khan’s party managed to gain significant seats in the parliament without him, despite the party facing a ban forcing the leaders to contest independently. However, they had to sit on the opposition due to all sorts of problematic efforts undertaken by the current Pakistani ruling regime.

Last month, an independent news outlet, Drop Site News, released an explosive report which revealed that during his White House meeting in June, Munir was told by Trump that “he needed to resolve the situation with Imran Khan.” Not only this, the sons of the Pakistani cricketing legend have been consistently lobbying with both British and American politicians to ensure the release of their father.

Over the years, Imran Khan has gained significant popularity among Pakistani-Americans. Two sources familiar with the matter told Drop Site News that Trump told Munir of his commitment to settling the political standoff involving Imran Khan. The president told the Pakistani army chief that he had promised supporters he would get the Imran Khan situation resolved.

“I have Pakistani friends who helped me win the election. I have many Pakistani friends also. You need to resolve this issue,” Trump said, addressing Munir directly, according to one source. A second source confirmed the substance of the quote to the independent news outlet.

However, Munir might not be a fan of the idea. In the past, Khan has been critical of the Pakistani army chief and the country’s ruling regime. Also, if Munir starts to go soft on Khan, he would create a space of animosity with Pakistan’s current ruling regime. Hence, Munir will be stuck in a dilemma on how to approach the matter.

The Baloch question

One of the biggest challenges Pakistan is currently facing is the rise of militancy from within. Munir was often heard pledging to eradicate terrorism and insurgency from Pakistani soil. However, terrorist attacks within Pakistan have increased significantly.

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan have been struggling with intense attacks. The proscribed Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) ended its ceasefire with the government in November 2022.

In recent months, the security situation in Balochistan has also worsened, as militants, long involved in a low-level insurgency, have stepped up the frequency and intensity of their attacks. The outlawed Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA), in particular, has adopted new tactics to inflict higher casualties and directly target Pakistani security forces.

This issue is Pakistan’s own making. Neglecting the basic rights of Baloch civilians has led to the birth of several militant groups in the region. Hence, Munir also faces the challenge of ensuring stability in the region to attract the attention of the West for good. A hard task to achieve in Pakistan.

The economic question

Since 2023, Pakistan have been reeling through a historic financial crisis, which ultimately forced the country to seek aid from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). However, things are getting tough for Pakistan even after the country received aid from the global financial institution.

Earlier this month, Pakistani news outlet The Express Tribune reported that the country has failed to meet three out of the five critical targets set by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for the second review of its $7 billion bailout programme .

The missed benchmark reflected the ongoing fiscal mismanagement in Pakistan, even as Islamabad touts progress on budget surplus goals. Citing the Ministry of Finance’s fiscal operations summary, the report mentioned that Pakistan’s provinces failed to meet the promised savings target of PKR 1.2 trillion in the fiscal year that ended in June.

The shortfall was attributed to the increased provincial expenditures, which the federal government could not control. Hence, while America hopes to invest in Pakistan, its unstable economy and poor fiscal management system reflect how bad the bid would be. In the face of these challenges, Munir is trying to present a fictitious image of Pakistan to the American leadership.