Matter of life and death: Here's what both sides have to say on UK's assisted dying bill up for vote soon

British lawmakers are set to vote on Friday (November 29) on a controversial bill that could allow terminally ill adults to seek assistance in ending their lives.

The Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill proposes permitting individuals in England and Wales with fewer than six months to live to request assisted dying, provided they meet strict safeguards.

This marks the first parliamentary debate on the issue since 2015, with lawmakers from across the political spectrum weighing the deeply personal and ethical implications.

Key points expected in the debate

Supporters of the bill argue it offers dignity to those nearing the end of life and alleviates unnecessary suffering. Labour MP Kim Leadbeater, who proposed the legislation, said the bill incorporates “three layers of scrutiny” to protect against abuse.

Two independent doctors and a High Court judge must approve requests, ensuring decisions are voluntary and informed. Patients must self-administer life-ending medication, with no obligation on healthcare professionals to participate.

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Critics express concerns about potential risks to vulnerable individuals, including the elderly and disabled, who might feel pressured to end their lives to avoid being a burden.

Opponents also fear that legalising assisted dying could erode societal protections for those at risk. Former Prime Ministers Gordon Brown, Boris Johnson, Liz Truss, and Theresa May have voiced opposition, though David Cameron has publicly supported the measure.

The debate also touches on inequality, with advocates noting that wealthier individuals can travel to Switzerland, where assisted dying is legal, while others risk prosecution for helping loved ones.

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Public figures like broadcaster Esther Rantzen, who is battling lung cancer, have called on MPs to support the bill to provide more equitable options.

What happens to this bill next?

The bill’s outcome hinges on a free vote, with no party lines or government pressure influencing MPs.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer has pledged neutrality, though he has previously expressed support for assisted dying.

A vote in favour of the bill will advance it to further hearings and scrutiny in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords.

If approved through the legislative process, any law is unlikely to take effect for at least two to three years, according to supporters.

For now, the five-hour debate and expected close vote will determine whether the contentious issue progresses or is shelved once more.

With inputs from agencies