UAE's first interplanetary mission launches on 20 July – 'Hope' to be ninth active mission on Mars

In a launch some may call historic, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has become the first Arab nation to launch an interplanetary mission – the Hope (Al Amal in Arabic) Mars orbiter mission. In the wee hours of the morning, at 3.28 am IST (1:58 a.m. UAE time) on 20 July 2020, Hope Probe or Amal-1 was finally launched from the Tanegashima Space Center, Japan. It was launched in collaboration with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, using its H2A202 rocket that is apart of the H-IIA launch vehicle family. Originally scheduled to blast off on 15 July at 2.21 am IST, a revised launch date was announced for Friday, 17 July at 2.13 am IST which was also postponed. The launch of the Mars orbiter was delayed on two separate occasions this month due to bad weather around the launchpad in Japan. [caption id=“attachment_8595011” align=“alignnone” width=“1280”] An illustration of the Hope Mars orbiter. Image: MBRSC[/caption] With the launch of this orbiter, the UAE is striving to develop its **scientific and technological capabilities** while reducing its reliance on oil. It has also set a goal to build a human colony on Mars by 2117. Hope is now set to reach Mars in February 2021, the year the UAE celebrates 50 years since its formation.

About the Hope Probe

The **Mars orbiter** was developed through a partnership between Mohamed bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado-Boulder, and Arizona State University (ASU). The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) has cost the nation $200 million, according to Sarah al-Amiri, the UAE’s Minister for Advanced Sciences and the Mars mission’s deputy project manager. With the mission, UAE hopes to contribute to the study of the Martian atmosphere by mapping daily and seasonal changes of key gases that are thought to quickly escape to space. Just over an hour after launch, the probe successfully separated from the launch vehicle and deployed its solar panels to power its systems. It also was able to successfully established radio communication with ground control on Earth.

Launch process complete: The Hope Probe has successfully separated from the launch vehicle. #HopeMarsMission

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 19, 2020

The solar panels of the Hope Probe have been deployed. These panels will charge the onboard batteries of the spacecraft. #HopeMarsMission

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 19, 2020

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The first signal from the Hope Probe has been transmitted.#HopeMarsMission

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 19, 2020

According to a report by The Guardian and a live stream of the launch, cheers and claps followed liftoff, and one woman even offered a celebratory cry. Amiri said that seeing the launch blasting off was “an indescribable feeling”. “This is the future of the UAE,” Amiri told Dubai TV from the launch site.

The ground segment at Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre, has received and communicated the first signals with the #HopeProbe. #HopeMarsMission pic.twitter.com/1iFgd5248J

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 20, 2020

“It was great to see everything going according to schedule today. It looks like things are all on track. It’s a huge step in terms of space exploration to have a nation like the UAE taking that giant leap to send a spacecraft to Mars,” Astronomer Fred Watson told The Associated Press . “Being on route to a planet like Mars is an exceptional achievement.”

Hope to be the ninth active Mars mission

There are currently eight active missions on Mars that are either orbiting the red planet or rovers exploring the surface. The UAE has become the fifth country to send a mission to Mars after the US, Russia, ESA and India.

The #HopeMarsMission will reach Mars orbit in February 2021, joining the ranks of these orbiters currently active there:

🇺🇸 Mars Odyssey - 2001
🇪🇺 Mars Express - 2003
🇺🇸 Mars Recon Orbiter - 2006
🇮🇳 Mars Orbiter Mission - 2014
🇺🇸 MAVEN - 2014
🇪🇺 Mars Trace Gas Orbiter - 2016 pic.twitter.com/ID0wKR0SlN

— Dr. Tanya Harrison (@tanyaofmars) July 19, 2020

One Martian year is equal to almost two years on Earth i.e. Mars takes two Earth years to complete one orbit around the sun. It is only once every two years that the two planets come into perfect alignment with each other around the Sun. This alignment is the ideal time for an Earth-Mars journey since it saves on time, money and fuel. Interplanetary missions are no joke; in any and all conditions, are an expensive, time-consuming affair that requires a lot of planning. While the orbiter has launched today, it will not be making its way directly to Mars. It will be put into a geosynchronous orbit where both the upper stage and the Hope probe will stay in this orbit till Mars and Earth align just right. Two other Mars missions have also been planned in the upcoming days by the US and China. Japan has its own Martian moon mission planned in 2024. The Rosalind Franklin rover, a joint effort by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian Space Agency (Roscosmos), has been postponed to 2022 after the ongoing Coronavirus pandemic affected operations. The launch was met with a lot of enthusiasm and gusto on Twitter. Here are some of our favourite reactions:

Hannah’s drawing on Hope Mars Mission - Draw Hope Program #HopeMarsMission pic.twitter.com/2bMu7Wr4KR

— RJohn (@iamroshanjohn) July 15, 2020

Thank you, @MarsCuriosity. Your work on Mars has been a key source of inspiration throughout the Hope Probe journey so far. Coming your way. See you in seven months.

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 19, 2020

@NASAJPL It’s been an incredible journey so far, and we can’t wait to get there. Earth is getting farther away, as my destination gets closer. Thank you for keeping me connected to home through the Deep Space Network.

— Hope Mars Mission (@HopeMarsMission) July 19, 2020

To the @HopeMarsMission: Congratulations on your launch! I wish you a successful journey and look forward to the sol when we are both exploring Mars.

رحلة موفقة pic.twitter.com/AsnkYINX2C

— ARCHIVED - NASA's Perseverance Mars Rover (@NASAPersevere) July 19, 2020

Once #HopeMarsMission gets to Mars in February of next year, it will go into a temporary orbit initially as it slows down, and then adjust itself into its happy science orbit. pic.twitter.com/uQNpCIQc81

— Dr. Tanya Harrison (@tanyaofmars) July 19, 2020

With inputs from wires.