Vantage | Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka ... how India can navigate its neighbourhood challenge

In recent times, there has been a notable shift in the geopolitical landscape of South Asia with growing tensions between India and some of its traditionally close allies in the region. The latest concern revolves around the Maldives, where President Mohamed Muizzu is expressing a desire to reshape the nation’s foreign policy, potentially excluding India. However, this trend is not isolated to the Maldives, as other South Asian capitals like Nepal and Sri Lanka are also reconsidering their alliances.

South Asia comprises eight countries with India being a dominant force in terms of population and economy. India’s population and GDP significantly surpass the combined total of the other South Asian nations. This dominance has positioned India as a strategic influence in the region. The other countries in the region are: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Maldives. Geopolitical realities Several incidents have raised eyebrows in India’s diplomatic circles. Nepal’s territorial dispute with India, Sri Lanka’s increasing ties with China and Bhutan’s border talks with China excluding India from the dialogue have added complexity to the region’s geopolitics. Maldives’ recent decisions including welcoming China have also raised questions about the shifting alliances in the South Asian neighbourhood. China’s growing influence in South Asia poses a significant challenge to India. With strategic investments in various countries such as the Hambantota Port in Sri Lanka and developments in Gwadar, Pakistan, China’s expanding footprint has become a cause for concern. The potential stationing of Chinese warships in these ports raises security concerns for India making it imperative for New Delhi to reassess its approach. While South Asian countries have the right to shape their foreign policies independently, India cannot ignore the strategic implications of these shifts. The challenge lies in balancing strategic concerns with maintaining good relations. China’s economic leverage and willingness to engage with any regime regardless of its nature, create a challenging environment for India to navigate. Strategies for India Strengthening historic ties: India should continue to build on its historical relationships with South Asian countries. Being a reliable partner in times of need, as seen in Sri Lanka and Nepal during crises, helps foster goodwill and stability in the region. Damage control: Acknowledging that India may not always be the first choice for its neighbours, a pragmatic approach involves minimising the fallout. If not first, India should strive not to be last in the considerations of its neighbouring countries. Diplomacy over social media: The government’s diplomatic handling of situations contrasts with the amplified emotions on social media. Decoupling social media sentiments from foreign policy decisions is essential to avoid misinterpretations and exacerbation of tensions. India’s evolving dynamics in South Asia demand a nuanced approach. While China’s increasing presence poses challenges, India’s historic ties and strategic importance in the region remain significant assets. By focusing on diplomacy, damage control and maintaining historical alliances, India can navigate these shifting dynamics and secure its interests in the rapidly changing geopolitical landscape of South Asia. Views expressed in the above piece are personal and solely that of the author. They do not necessarily reflect Firstpost’s views. Read all the Latest News, Trending News, Cricket News, Bollywood News, India News and Entertainment News here. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.