Why non-citizens and migrants divide Americans and their politics

As Takoma Park nears its city council election, candidate Ambroise Agosse is making a final push to secure the support of undecided voters. In a throwback to classic campaign strategies, Agosse has taken to the streets, visiting homes door-to-door with pamphlets in hand. His approach is not just about meeting residents. It’s about connecting with the diverse population of Takoma Park, a city that has long welcomed immigrants.

A multilingual campaign for a multicultural city

Agosse’s campaign materials reflect his commitment to reaching out to all of Takoma Park’s residents, regardless of their background. His flyers and pamphlets are printed in English, Spanish, French and even Hindi. Agosse is reaching out to American citizens and immigrants alike, including those who may be undocumented, recognising their presence and contributions to the community.

Takoma Park, located just outside Washington, DC, is one of the few cities in the United States that allows non-citizens to vote in municipal elections. This policy, adopted in 1993, includes both documented and undocumented immigrants, giving them a voice in local governance. Agosse believes that this right is essential for those who live, work and contribute to the community, even if they are not citizens. “People who live there, who contribute to the city. So when it comes to the election, they want to give them a chance to express their voice,” says Agosse.

story of Takoma Park as a sanctuary city

Since 1985, Takoma Park has been a sanctuary city, providing refuge and support to immigrants from around the world. Today, approximately 30 per cent of its population is made up of immigrants, making the city a unique blend of cultures and backgrounds. Agosse’s campaign is centred around these communities, especially in Ward Six, where many non-citizens reside. By appealing directly to immigrant communities, Agosse aims to represent their interests in city governance.

Right to vote for non-citizens

Not everyone supports the idea of allowing non-citizens to vote and the issue remains deeply divisive, particularly among Republicans. Former President Donald Trump has strongly opposed policies like those in Takoma Park, which he views as undermining American citizenship. Trump and his supporters argue that allowing non-citizens to vote is a dangerous trend that could erode national security and American identity. He has vowed to abolish sanctuary cities and promises to take sweeping actions against illegal immigration if re-elected, a stance that has intensified the debate on immigration in the US.

Immigration and voting rights

The idea of non-citizen voting is not new, though only a few cities across the US allow it, and only in local elections. The turnout among undocumented immigrants tends to be low, as many are wary of drawing attention to themselves. However, there have been isolated instances of voter fraud involving non-citizens. For example, a Chinese student in Michigan once posed as a US citizen and cast a ballot in a presidential election, highlighting the potential for misuse, especially in tightly contested races.

Despite such rare incidents, the issue remains contentious and immigration policy is a major concern for American voters. Many worry about the economic impact of undocumented immigrants, including job competition and the use of welfare services. There are also concerns about safety, as some accuse immigrants of contributing to crime and drug trafficking. Trump has leveraged these anxieties, declaring November 5th as a potential “Liberation Day” if he returns to office, promising to launch “the largest deportation programme of criminals in American history.”

Fear among immigrant communities

Trump’s stance on immigration has left many immigrant families feeling anxious. “A lot of us are scared because Trump says the first to be deported will be the Venezuelans, understand?” says Jesus, a Venezuelan immigrant who preferred not to disclose his full name. Jessika Ocampo, another immigrant, expressed the fear and uncertainty that families face during each election cycle. “Every four years, it’s terrifying. Of having the knowledge of having to know where the I.C.E. (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) detention is. So if my husband gets taken, I know where to go. Because it’s terrifying having to tell my kids why we’re voting a certain way. Because those elections are so important of where their dad is, where their dad’s status could end up,” says Jessika.

An issue too big to ignore

Both Democrats and Republicans have acknowledged that immigration is one of the most pressing issues in America today. Each party has pledged to address illegal immigration, but neither has offered a clear, comprehensive solution. The inclusion of non-citizens in local elections has only added complexity to the debate, raising questions about who should have a say in shaping American communities.

As Takoma Park residents prepare to vote, Agosse’s campaign has highlighted the diversity of voices and the evolving nature of American democracy. However, the broader national debate over immigration and voting rights remains unresolved, reflecting the deep divisions and challenges facing the United States today.