Soaring food, fuel prices spark protests in northern Nigeria

In Nigeria, citizens are protesting against skyrocketing food prices amid an economic crisis, which has resulted in people skipping meals and resorting to consuming low-quality rice typically used as fish feed. In a distressing display of desperation, women in northern Nigeria have been seen on social media videos digging up anthills in search of grains stored by the insects, just to feed their children. Since assuming office last year, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has abolished a fuel subsidy and lifted currency controls. Consequently, petrol prices have tripled, and the cost of living has surged as the value of the naira declines against the dollar. According to the national bureau of statistics, Nigeria’s inflation rate surpassed 28 per cent in December, reaching its highest level in three decades. Dire circumstances have prompted protests in various northern cities, including Suleja near the capital Abuja, Minna in Niger State, and the economic center of Kano. On Monday, the influential traditional emir of Kano Aminu Ado Bayero warned that Nigerians faced “economic hardships, hunger and starvation” and called on the president to take urgent action. Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf said this month he would ask the president “to intervene and check the prevailing hunger situation in Kano State, so as to save our people from starvation.” “We know that other parts of the country are experiencing the same thing,” AFP quoted Yusuf as saying. At least 63 per cent of Nigeria’s 220 million population lives in extreme poverty, the statistics bureau says. Many poor Nigerians have had to give up products considered a luxury, such as meat, eggs, milk and potato. In Kano, residents have turned to cheap ‘afafata’ rice. The word means ’let’s slug it out’ in the Hausa language and refers to its use in hard times. In 2015 Nigeria banned the import of rice in a drive to boost domestic production. But the price of locally-produced rice has spiralled, pushing the staple out of reach for many. The cost of maize flour, millet and sorghum has also shot up. Eighty percent of Nigeria’s grain is produced in the northwest and northeast, but violence in these regions has increased pressure on supplies. Deadly raids and kidnapping for ransom by criminal gangs in the northwest and a jihadist conflict in the northeast have displaced many farming communities. In a report this month the World Bank warned of acute food shortages in seven states due to the violence. Nigeria has also shut its northern border with Niger following a military coup that toppled President Mohamed Bazoum last year, preventing millet and cowpea from reaching northern Nigerian markets. Hoarding Nigerian authorities face increasing pressure to ease the hardship. On Monday agriculture minister Abubakar Kyari told parliament national food security had suffered since the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 and devastating floods the following year. But Ya’u Tumfafi, an official at Dawanau grain market on the outskirts of Kano, said hoarding was also to blame. “Wealthy people have joined the grain business and continue to mop up grains and store them in warehouses,” Tumfafi told AFP at Dawanau, the largest grain market in West Africa. To address growing discontent, President Tinubu has ordered the release of 102,000 tonnes of grain from the strategic reserve for sale at a subsidised rate to force down food prices. He also vowed to tackle hoarding, while Kyari told parliament the government intended to boost irrigation farming to help ramp up production. In Kano, authorities have raided warehouses where traders are suspected of hoarding food supplies. Yobe state government this month banned bulk purchases of grain from local markets to stop hoarding and exports across Nigeria’s borders saying it was to “stem the tide of food scarcity and high cost of grains”. Niger state governor Mohammed Umar Bago has announced a ban on the mass purchase of foodstuffs from local markets. He ordered security forces to confiscate trucks carrying products in bulk and “share the food to the people”. But grain trader Tumfafi said these were “just stop-gap measures that cannot solve the food problem we are facing.” “What impact can 102,000 tonnes make for 220 million people?” he said. “Let the government secure our villages in the northwest and northeast for people to return and cultivate their farms. Nothing short of this will work.” With inputs from agencies