Iranian missiles breached Israel’s sophisticated air defence systems again on Thursday, striking a major hospital in the south and residential areas in densely populated central regions.
Israel depends heavily on its multilayered missile defence architecture to shield cities and infrastructure from frequent rocket attacks originating from militants in Gaza and Lebanon. However, since Middle East tensions escalated dramatically in 2023, threats now also come from Iranian and Yemeni rebel missile launches, AP reported.
Developed over decades with significant assistance from the United States, Israel’s defensive array strategically identifies incoming threats, intercepting only missiles targeting population centres or vital infrastructure, allowing those headed for open terrain to pass.
This multilayered network includes systems capable of intercepting short-range rockets, medium-range missiles, attack drones, and ballistic missiles, including sophisticated long-range projectiles frequently launched by Iran.
Yet, Israeli military officials consistently emphasise that no air defence is entirely infallible. High interception rates notwithstanding, simultaneous missile barrages can overwhelm the sophisticated combination of technology and human oversight.
Since hostilities intensified on June 13, Iranian missile strikes have claimed at least 24 lives, leaving extensive damage across multiple Israeli towns and cities.
Israel’s air-defence system comprises:
The Arrow, a joint US-Israeli system designed specifically to counter long-range ballistic missiles, like those launched recently by Iran. Operating outside Earth’s atmosphere, the Arrow has also successfully intercepted missiles fired by Yemen’s Houthi rebels during this conflict.
David’s Sling, also developed in partnership with the US, targets medium-range threats such as those employed by Lebanon’s Hezbollah militia. It has been activated multiple times during the current conflict.
The Iron Dome, renowned for intercepting short-range rockets, was developed by Israel with US backing and has neutralised thousands of rockets since deployment, boasting a success rate exceeding 90 percent.
Additionally, Israel is testing the Iron Beam, an innovative laser-based interception system, hailed by authorities as a potential breakthrough due to its significantly lower operational costs. While each Iron Dome interception reportedly costs approximately $50,000, and other systems upwards of $2 million per missile, Iron Beam interceptions may cost merely a few dollars each. Despite promising results in recent testing, this technology has yet to become operational.