China intends to restrict news coverage of natural disasters

China’s National People’s Congress (NPC) is considering a significant amendment to the Emergency Response Law, with potential implications for press coverage of disasters and accidents by Chinese media. The draft, open for public comment until January 27, aims to combat the deliberate spread of false information about emergencies. As per reports, the proposed amendment calls for the establishment of a “news interviewing and reporting system” while pledging to “support news media in reporting,” leaving experts questioning the specifics of these measures. Critics express concerns about potential limitations on media coverage, emphasizing that the impact will hinge on the government’s enforcement strategies. The draft, a substantial revision of the 2007 Emergency Response Law, obliges the government to provide timely and transparent information about emergencies and its related decisions. Simultaneously, it strictly prohibits the intentional fabrication or dissemination of false information, emphasizing the government’s responsibility to clarify information affecting societal stability. While stressing the importance of “timely, accurate, objective, and impartial” news coverage, the amendment lacks details on penalties for publishing false information and the workings of the proposed news reporting system. It fails to define what constitutes publishing false information “on purpose.” The scope of emergencies, encompassing natural disasters, accidents, public health crises, and social security incidents, is outlined, with the State Council or its authorized department holding the authority to define and assess the severity of such situations based on casualties and losses. Despite the absence of a specific press law in China, media activities are closely monitored through various regulations, including online censorship and controls on media qualifications. Recent incidents, such as delayed coverage of a deadly hospital fire in Beijing and the assault on a reporter investigating an accident, have raised concerns about media freedom. Experts, including Zhan Jiang and Fang Kecheng, argue that the draft’s provisions on “false information” are vague and could impede journalists’ work. Fang emphasizes that the law’s impact will depend on its implementation, especially regarding “timely” reporting and “monitoring” of public opinion. Apart from reporting provisions, the draft allows the government to requisition personal property as emergency supplies, restrict people’s movement in emergencies, and encourages the use of big data and artificial intelligence in emergency responses. NPC spokesman Zang Tiewei underscores that the regulations aim to clarify content and methods of press releases, serving as a foundational framework for China’s emergency response if passed.