Bonsai at home: 10 care tips every beginner should know
Choose the right treePick a tree species suitable for your climate and indoor conditions. Popular choices include Ficus, Jade or Juniper, which are resilient and beginner-friendly for bonsai growing.
Use shallow potsBonsais require shallow and well-draining pots that restrict root growth. This encourages miniaturisation while promoting healthy root development. Ensure pots have drainage holes to prevent water stagnation and root rot.
Prune regularlyFrequent pruning maintains the bonsai’s shape and size. Trim branches and leaves to encourage desired growth direction and promote air circulation. Always use sharp and clean tools for precision.
Provide adequate sunlightPlace your bonsai where it receives four to six hours of indirect sunlight daily. South-facing windows are ideal. Rotate the plant weekly to ensure even growth and avoid lopsided shapes.
Water mindfullyWater when the topsoil feels dry. Avoid overwatering or letting the roots dry out completely. Use a gentle spray to moisten the soil without disturbing the roots or structure.
Use bonsai-specific soilBonsai trees need fast-draining and nutrient-balanced soil so use a mix of akadama, pumice and lava rock or buy ready-made bonsai soil to promote strong roots and disease resistance.
Feed periodicallyFertilise your bonsai during its growing season with balanced liquid or solid fertiliser. Feed less in winter. This ensures the plant gets essential nutrients for healthy growth and leaf colour.
Wire for shapeUse aluminium or copper wire to guide branch growth. Wrap gently and adjust periodically. Avoid wire burns by checking frequently and removing or repositioning as the plant matures.
Repot every two to three yearsRepot to refresh soil and prune roots. This prevents root binding, supports growth and maintains overall tree health. Spring is typically the best season for repotting most species.
Be patient and observantGrowing bonsai takes time, care and observation. Watch for pests, wilting or discolouration. Adapt care routines as needed and enjoy the slow, rewarding journey of bonsai cultivation.