The European Space Agency (ESA) is developing a revolutionary way to feed astronauts on future Moon and Mars missions — by making food from thin air. Through its HOBI-WAN project, ESA is testing Solein, a powdered protein created by a Finnish startup using microbes, air and electricity. Instead of relying on ammonia like on Earth, the space version will use urea, an organic compound found in urine, as a nitrogen source. The experiment aims to produce sustainable, nutrient-rich food in microgravity, reducing dependence on Earth-based supplies. If successful, Solein could become a staple protein for astronauts by 2035 — marking a new era in space nutrition.
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