Fighting between Pakistan and Afghanistan has resumed after a brief ceasefire, with both sides using heavy artillery along their disputed border in Kunar province and Bajaur district. Afghan officials report casualties from Pakistani shelling, while Islamabad denies targeting civilians and says it is responding to provocation. The ceasefire collapsed after recent tensions, including accusations by the Taliban of a deadly Pakistani airstrike on a hospital, which Pakistan denies. Disputes over Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan terrorists drive the conflict. A short Eid truce brokered by regional countries expired, and clashes have since intensified, disrupting civilian movement, trade, and border stability.