'Mixed competence’: The reason India-EU free trade deal may bypass ratification formality

The India-EU Free Trade Agreement is being structured as an "EU-only" deal, bypassing the need for ratification by all 27 EU member states and enabling faster implementation. By avoiding "mixed competence," the agreement focuses on areas under exclusive EU authority, streamlining approval to just the European Parliament and Council. This approach is seen as a strategic win for both sides, aiming to boost trade ties and reduce reliance on China amid shifting global supply chains.