How India-EU ties gain renewed relevance in a turbulent world

India-EU relations have gained renewed relevance in a multipolar, interdependent world. Since the 1994 Cooperation Agreement and the 2004 Strategic Partnership, both sides have strengthened trade, defence, and people-to-people ties. The EU is India’s second-largest trading partner, with growing investments and potential job creation. Defence collaboration focuses on maritime security, Indo-Pacific cooperation, and co-production opportunities like BrahMos. Initiatives such as the Global Gateway and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (Imec) enhance energy, transport, and digital linkages. Education, research, and student mobility through Erasmus+ and GIAN further deepen engagement. Strategic diversification positions India and the EU for long-term growth