How deep-sea fishing can help India and Sri Lanka resolve the Palk Bay dispute

The Palk Bay dispute between India and Sri Lanka, marked by recurring arrests of Rameswaram fishers by the Sri Lankan Navy, stems from overfishing, enforcement failures, and cultural resistance to deep-sea fishing. New Indian deep-sea fishing rules aim to fully exploit the nation’s EEZ while promoting sustainable, community-led practices. For Rameswaram fishers, adopting deep-sea methods, supported by training, financial aid, and exposure to mothership operations, offers a safer and profitable alternative to risky mid-sea ventures. De-politicising the Palk Bay conflict, enforcing regulations, and encouraging cultural adaptation are crucial for long-term resolution, regional cooperation, and sustainable livelihoods.