Why Israel is hell-bent on its offensive in Gaza's Rafah

The situation in Rafah remains highly sensitive.

Israel is determined to launch a ground offensive against Hamas in Rafah, Gaza’s southernmost city.

This plan has raised global alarm because of the potential for harm to the hundreds of thousands of civilians sheltering there.

If Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is to be believed, Israel cannot achieve its goal of “total victory” over Hamas without entering Rafah.

He has also approved military plans for the offensive.

However, with 1.4 million Palestinians crammed into the city, Israel’s allies, including the United States, have demanded greater consideration for civilians in its impending incursion.

The majority of those Palestinians have been displaced by fighting in other parts of Gaza and are now living in overcrowded tent camps, UN-run shelters, or cramped apartments.

More from Explainers

What happened during Trump's call with Zelenskyy and European leaders? Trump-Putin summit: Why Russia sold Alaska to the US in 1867

Netanyahu is sending a delegation to Washington to present the administration with its plans.

Here’s why Rafah is so significant. What do we know about the opposition to Israel’s plan?

Why Rafah is so critical

Since Israel declared war in response to Hamas’ deadly cross-border attack on 7 October, Netanyahu has said a central goal is to destroy the Islamic group’s military capabilities.

Israel says Rafah is Hamas’ last major stronghold in the Gaza Strip, after operations elsewhere dismantled 18 out of the militant group’s 24 battalions, according to the military. But even in northern Gaza, the first target of the offensive, Hamas has regrouped in some areas and continued to launch attacks.

Impact Shorts

View All

'My god, what have we done': The 2 US pilots who dropped atomic bombs on Japan's Hiroshima and Nagasaki

US is making it tougher to obtain green card for married couples. Here’s why

Israel says Hamas has four battalions in Rafah and that it must send ground forces to topple them. Some senior militants could also be hiding in the city.

Why there is so much opposition to Israel’s plan

The US has urged Israel not to carry out the operation without a “credible” plan to evacuate civilians. Egypt, a strategic partner of Israel’s, has said that any move to push Palestinians into Egypt would threaten its four-decade-old peace agreement with Israel.

In a phone call with Netanyahu this week, President Joe Biden told the Israeli leader not to carry out a Rafah operation, said the White House’s national security adviser, Jake Sullivan. He said the US was seeking “an alternative approach” that did not involve a ground invasion.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who is on his sixth visit to the region since the war began, reiterated those concerns in an interview with Al-Hadath TV in Saudi Arabia on Wednesday.

“President Biden has been very clear that we cannot support a major ground operation, military operation in Rafah,” Blinken said. He said there is no effective way of moving 1.4 million people to safety and that those who stay behind “would be in terrible jeopardy.”

Israel doesn’t appear close to sending in troops

Netanyahu said he was sending a delegation to Washington “out of respect” for Biden. But in a statement Wednesday, he said he had told Biden that Israel “cannot complete the victory” without entering Rafah.

Despite the tough talk, Israel doesn’t appear close to sending troops into Rafah. This may be connected to ongoing attempts to broker a temporary cease-fire. Qatari mediators say those talks would be set back by a Rafah invasion.

There are also logistical concerns.

Israel’s military says it plans to direct the civilians to “humanitarian islands” in central Gaza ahead of the planned offensive. Netanyahu said Wednesday evacuation plans had not yet been approved.

With inputs from AP