Bob Dylan, the grim-faced protest singer turned Nobel-winning poet, has been an unlikely comedian throughout his career

At the end of Inside Llewyn Davis, the Coen brothers movie set in New York City’s Greenwich Village music scene of 1961, the title character, a gifted but struggling folk singer on the verge of giving up, leaves the stage of the fabled Gaslight Cafe as a newcomer fills his spot. What’s clear after the first note is that it’s Bob Dylan at the start of one of the greatest careers in pop music This juxtaposition leaves the viewer with a lingering question about success: What does Bob Dylan have that Llewyn Davis does not? Genius? Luck? Timing? The movie is too elusive for a single explanation, but forced to pick one, I would argue that it’s a sense of humour. This might seem odd, since in the public imagination, Dylan, the grim-faced protest singer-turned-croaking Nobel-winning poet, strikes a deadly serious figure. But if there is any underexamined aspect of this most celebrated and scrutinised singer, who turned 80 on Monday, inspiring new biographies and best-of lists, it’s his fertile comedy. [caption id=“attachment_9653271” align=“alignnone” width=“640”] The Bob Dylan cameo in Inside Llewyn Davis[/caption]

While he spent six decades singing about heartache, apocalypse and betrayal, a cockeyed humour has always informed his bleak worldview. It can be oblique, less about jokes than jokiness, but critical enough to his art to place him in the pantheon of great Jewish funny men.

There’s perhaps no better evidence of the importance of funniness to Dylan’s art than the fact that he has denied it. In a rare interview from 2017, Dylan himself dismissed the notion that he was a jester, pointing to righteous anthems such as ‘Masters of War’ and ‘A Hard Rain’s A-Gonna Fall.’ But the first prank Dylan pulled was posing as a plain-spoken truth-teller. From the start, he was making up benign lies about himself and mixing grave, socially conscious songs with dark comedies. In the oldest bootleg of him performing at the Gaslight, from 1961, one of the only original songs is ‘Talkin’ Bear Mountain Picnic Blues,’ a wry retelling of a catastrophe in the news: An overbooked cruise ship sank in the Hudson River, a tragedy born of greed. Listen to the 60-year-old recording of a then-unknown Dylan singing one block away from where the Comedy Cellar is now and you’ll hear the familiar sound of dark jokes getting laughs. The comedy club had not been invented when Bob Dylan arrived in New York that year, so the few blocks of coffeehouses and clubs where he performed — what historian Sean Wilentz has called “his Yale College and his Harvard” — were home to not just folk singers, but also comics such as Joan Rivers, Lenny Bruce and Bill Cosby. (This is the era depicted in The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel.) To a sponge such as Dylan, this cross-pollination of artists mattered. That those audiences expected to laugh also mattered. As Robert Shelton, who helped launch Dylan with his review in The New York Times, writes in his recently rereleased biography, No Direction Home, patrons “responded more to Dylan’s wit than to his slow-serious intense material.” [caption id=“attachment_9653261” align=“alignnone” width=“640”] Bob Dylan. Twitter[/caption] Along with talking blues and surreal scenes, Dylan flashed Borscht Belt punchlines in songs such as ‘Bob Dylan’s 115th Dream,’ a rambling yarn that begins with him singing, stopping, cracking up and asking for a second take. Keeping this mistake sets the loose tone for the song, which includes a visit to a bank that ends with this quip: “They asked me for some collateral and I pulled down my pants.” This appears on his funniest album, Bringing It all Back Home, whose cover features Dylan near an album by the comedian Lord Buckley. Although Buckley died in New York only a few months before Dylan arrived, he greatly influenced Dylan (and others, including Bruce and Robin Williams). The singer turned one of Buckley’s monologues into a song, ‘Black Cross,’ and borrowed language such as “jingle-jangle” for ‘Tambourine Man.’ Buckley was famous for rebooting biblical stories in hipster slang, a tactic Dylan appropriated in songs such as ‘Highway 61 Revisited.’ (“God said to Abraham, ‘Kill me a son.’ Abe said, ‘Man you must be puttin’ me on.’”) By the next decade, Dylan had become one of the biggest stars in the world, while his songs became darker and more personal, digging into heartbreak. But even his harshest songs often carried a light wit. In the opening of 1975’s ‘Idiot Wind,’ he sings that he shot a man and took his wife, who inherited a million dollars; when she died, he got the money. After a pause, he adds with deep feeling at odds with the smirking sentiment: “I can’t help it if I’m lucky.” His most revelatory project of recent decades has been ‘Theme Time Radio Hour,’ more than 100 episodes hosted by Dylan, each organised around a theme. Produced by Eddie Gorodetsky, a former writer for David Letterman, the show has a consistent interest in comedy, including arcana about stand-ups and sitcoms; interviews with comics; and corny jokes. These hours show that for Dylan, humour is not incidental. Nor is it comic relief. It operates the way it does in the plays of Chekhov, as a foundational part of existence from an artist who believes that, as Dylan famously put it, life is but a joke. One of the best episodes focuses on laughter. Dylan describes its musicality, explaining it has a rhythm. He digs into the history of laugh tracks. Speaking in a gravelly deadpan that increasingly resembles the voice of the stand-up Steven Wright, Dylan sounds like he scorns canned laughs, a betrayal of one of the last things you could trust. “You can fake an orgasm,” he croaked. “But you can’t fake laughter.” Jason Zinoman c.2021 The New York Times Company